Comprehensive Study on Next Generation- Passive Optical Networks (NG-PON2) using Time Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM): A Literature Review

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Review Paper

Comprehensive Study on Next Generation- Passive Optical Networks (NG-PON2) using Time Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM): A Literature Review

Martina M.*, G. Karpagarajesh**

*Department of communication systems, Government College Of Engineering, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.

**Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Government College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.

Martina, M., & Karpagarajesh, G.(2019). Comprehensive study on Next Generation- Passive Optical Networks (NG-PON2) using Time Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM). i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 36-41 https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.16346

Abstract

Optical fiber is one of the effective modes of transmission to access the network. They are widely used in telecommunications since they allow sending large amount of data at a greater distance and have larger bandwidth than other forms of communication. The main objective of an optical access network is to provide access to the user even in long-haul distance. A fiber link from the central office provides services to multiple users using transmitters over a single fiber link. This paper reviewed the technical options and comprehensive study on the next generation of optical access solutions. To upgrade the optical access networks, it should satisfy the bandwidth demand co-existing with previous technology requirements. There are lot of technologies used to access the NG-PON, but Full Service Access Network (FSAN) selects the TWDM as the primary solution for second generation Passive Optical Network (NG-PON2). This TWDM is the combination of both Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). TWDM is largely deployed in NG-PON2 access networks because of its high data rates. In addition, this paper previews the various models in TWDM networks.

Design of Compact Broadband Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Research Paper

Design of Compact Broadband Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications

J. Swathi*, B. Rama Rao**

*_**Aditya Institute of Technology and Management Tekkali, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Swathi, J., & Rao, R. B. (2019). Design of Compact Broadband Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 31-35 https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.16428

Abstract

A novel approach to design a microstrip patch antenna is proposed for wide beam, and low profile applications. In this project microstrip patch antenna is structures to compose X-shaped cut on rectangular patch. The need of high data rates for wireless communication becomes more and more urgent, and various solutions have been brought forward. This X-shaped microstrip patch antenna is an excellent design for ultra wide band applications. The proposed antenna simulation is going to be carried out through 3d electromagnetic simulation software called ANSOFT HFSS and fabricated on dielectric substrate FR-4 by using Microstrip line feeding technique. Using Vector Network Analyzer E5071C, the invent antenna is tested and results are to be differentiated with Simulation results. The parameters that are focused here is resonant frequency, return loss, VSWR, Gain and Percentage Bandwidth.

Admittance Characteristics of C-Bandwave Guide Junction

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Research Paper

Admittance Characteristics of C-Bandwave Guide Junction

P. Ujjvala Kanthi Prabha*, Bandi Divyank**

*MVGR College of Engineering Vizianagaram, India.

** Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Prabha, P. U. K., & Divyank, B. (2019). Admittance Characteristics of C-Band Wave Guide Junction. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.16431

Abstract

The essential element in radar and radiation pattern of open ended slot arrays will be communication applications is antenna. In Several applications radiation with polarization in the desired direction is required. Waveguide junctions can be used for such applications. In H-plane Tee junctions, tee arm is coupled to main waveguide narrow wall through longitudinal slot. In order to provide additional parameters for array designer, inclined slots are used instead of longitudinal slots in the narrow wall of main distorted because mutual coupling exists between the slots. But slot coupled shunt tees suppress the cross polarized components, which in turn reduces the mutual coupling between the slots. Slots in rectangular waveguide Arrays are considered by Stevenson. Studies are made for infinite guides with matched termination, but in practice, the guides have wave guide, which produces vertical polarization with unmatched termination. Arthur’s et al.[1] analysis to purity. The present work gives analysis to obtain equivalent impedance parameters as seen from conductance, susceptance, coupling and VSWR as a function of frequency after determining the resonant slot length for different antenna parameters like slot angle and slot width. For C-band H-plan Tee junction the results are numerically computed using concepts of self- reaction and discontinuity in modal currents. For array designers this data presented is useful.

Quality of Service of Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols For Ad-Hoc Networks Over Fading Channel

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Research Paper

Quality of Service of Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols For Ad-Hoc Networks Over Fading Channel

CH. JalajakshI*, B. K. Ramayya**, M. Rajan Babu***, A. Jyothsna****

*_****Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra pradesh, India.

Jalajakshi, C. H., Ramayya, B.K. Babu, M. R., & Jyothsna, A.(2019). Quality of Service of Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid Routing Protocols For Ad-Hoc Networks Over Fading Channel. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 19-24 https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.16429

Abstract

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks is the collection of wireless nodes that can exchange information dynamically among them without pre-existing fixed infrastructure. Here the routing protocols are evaluated over noisy channels. Three protocols used here are Optimum Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR-Proactive) Routing protocol, Zone Routing protocol (ZRP-Hybrid), Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV-reactive) routing protocol, taking traffic density and mobility. The basic fading environments such as AWGN, Rayleigh and Ricean. This paper presents a simulation-based comparison and performance analysis on different parameters like Throughput, and Average End-to-End delay for different traffic densities and node mobility.

Design of An Efficient Microstrip Patch Antenna With Reduced Specific Absorption Rates (SAR)

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Research Paper

Design of An Efficient Microstrip Patch Antenna With Reduced Specific Absorption Rates (SAR)

Arul Jenshiya P. R.*, Madhan Kumar K.**, Riyaz Fathima H.***

*_***Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, PET Engineering college,Tamil Nadu, India.

Jenshiya, A. P. R., Kumar, M. K., & Fathima, R. H. (2019). Design of An Efficient Microstrip Patch Antenna With Reduced Specific Absorption Rates (SAR). i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.16430

Abstract

Nowadays, the demand for compact, high, wide bandwidth and, a low-cost antenna has increased rapidly. An antenna is a transducer that converts electrical signals to EM waves and radiates into space. The antenna performance can be measured by gain, return loss, VSWR etc. Antennas are classified into several types but the microstrip patch antennas are mostly used for several specific applications because of its low profile, lightweight, low cost, feed-line flexibility, versatility, ease of fabrication etc. Even though it has several advantages, it suffers from major drawbacks namely narrow bandwidth, low gain, high return loss. In order to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks, FR-4 materials are used. Specific absorption rate (SAR) is a measurement that describes the radiation level absorbed by the human body or tissue when placed at RF field. It is defined as the power absorbed per mass of tissue and has units of watt per kilogram. SAR is measured either with the complete body or over a small sample volume (1g or 10g of tissue). The antenna performance can be evaluated in terms of gain, VSWR and the return loss were calculated for the proposed antenna and the proposed antenna provides the peak the gain of 4.51dB at 10.846GHz and also the SAR value of 0.00117W/Kg are evaluated for 1g of tissue for the proposed antenna. The human phantom model and the proposed antennas are designed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) microwave Studio Tool.

Recent Advancement on Photonic Feeding of Antennas for Microwave Beam Steering

Volume 8 Issue 1 November - January 2019

Research Paper

Recent Advancement on Photonic Feeding of Antennas for Microwave Beam Steering

Danish Nadeem*, Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi**, R.K.Yadav***

*_**Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.

***Skyline Institute of Technology, Greater,Noida, India.

Nadeem, Md. D., Raghuwanshi, S. K., & Yadav, R. K. (2019). Recent Advancement on Photonic Feeding of Antennas for Microwave Beam Steering. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.8.1.15888

Abstract

Using light to exchange RF signal has rapidly developed since the innovation of optical fiber and semiconductor laser in 1960's. A Photonics Antenna (PA), which brings together the worlds of radiofrequency engineering (radiation of EM wave) and optoelectronics devices (laser, photo diode), has attracted and give great importance from both the research group of people and the commercial sector over the past 30 years and is set to have a bright future. The essential focal point of photonics for antenna system has, truly, been on the advancement of connection and beam steering techniques. By utilizing photonically controlled gadgets and materials it is conceivable to deliver progressive changes in receiving antenna components and in the structure and properties of exhibits, opening the new door for another class of Antenna. This technology enables complex or even impossible functions in the field of radiofrequency (RF) in microwave systems and creates new opportunities fortelecommunications networks. We present the technology of the photonics community and summarize current research and important applications. This review paper summarizes the comprehensive study of photonics feeding antenna, or Photonics for antenna characteristics, possible applications and wireless communication challenges of this promising type of Antenna.

A MIMO Shark-Fin Antenna for Vehicular Communication Applications

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

A MIMO Shark-Fin Antenna for Vehicular Communication Applications

G. Vaishnav*, G. Lakshmi**, N. K. Darimireddy***, G. Renuka****

*_**** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vizianagaram, Andhra pradesh, India.

Vaishnav, G., Lakshmi, G., Darimireddy, N. K., Renuka, G.(2018). A MIMO Shark-Fin Antenna for Vehicular Communication Applications.i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 38-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.16390

Abstract

In recent years with various developments in wireless technologies, the interfaces between an automobile and the communication around it has been evolved from simple FM radios to GPS, LTE and many more. Each of these technologies works in their own frequency bands, so there is a need to design a multi-antenna system that can efficiently receive signals on all these bands. In this project we aim to create an antenna-system for LTE band-40, GPS (L-band), WAVE (IEEE 802.11 p) and WLAN band (2300 MHz-2400 MHz, 1575.42 MHz, 5.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz respectively). A pair of rectangular patch geometries that together support these four bands. One supports the GPS and WLAN bands, while the other supports the LTE and WAVE bands. Various antenna characteristics have been simulated and measured to check the feasibility of applying the proposed system in the real world. All these antennas will be packaged in compact plastic shark-fin case for easy deployment.

Design And Analysis Of Optical Switch Using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

Design And Analysis Of Optical Switch Using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

K. Parameshwari*, R. Arunkumar**, S. Robinson***

*-*** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Parameshwari, K., Arunkumar , R., & Robinson , S.(2018). Design And Analysis Of Optical Switch Using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 33-37. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.16392

Abstract

In this paper, four port optical switch using photonic crystal ring resonator is designed. The optical switch parameters such as normalized power efficiency, Bit rate, Response time, delay time and crosstalk are analyzed for the proposed optical switch. The proposed optical switch is having the resonant wavelength of1550 nm.

Circular Conformal Antenna Array with Enhanced Gain for Airborne Applications

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

Circular Conformal Antenna Array with Enhanced Gain for Airborne Applications

M. Kalpana*, R. Ramana Reddy**, N. K. Darimireddy***

*Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Raghu Institute of Technology, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

**Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, JNTUA College of Engineering (A), Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, India.

***Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Lendi Institute of Engg. & Tech, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India..

Kalpana, M., Reddy, R. R., & Darimireddy, N. K.. (2018). Circular Conformal Antenna Array with Enhanced Gain for Airborne Applications. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 27-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.16391

Abstract

Conformal antennas are required whenever an antenna has to conform geometrically to some shaped surface. In this paper a cylindrical conformal antenna array with line feed technique is implemented. At first, an inverted U- slotted non conformal circular patched antenna with a radius of 16.3 mm, thickness of 1.6 mm, and a substrate permittivity of 4.4 is designed to operate at 2.4 GHz. The simulated results are in close agreement with measured results. The measured S11 for non-conformal antenna is -17.4 dB at 2.4 GHz. The inverted U-slotted circular patch antenna is made conformal to cylindrically bent substrate of thickness 0.762 mm with a permittivity of 2.55 and it resonates at 2.63 GHz. Further, an array of three elements of conformal U-slotted circular patch antenna flush mounted on cylinder 1200 apart. From the results, it is evident that gain is increased with cylindrical conformal array antenna. The gain of proposed conformal array antenna is of 5.02 dB. Simulation is carried out using HFSS software.

Design of Test Module For Embedded System Using PSOC

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

Design of Test Module For Embedded System Using PSOC

Vijaya Lakshmi Balantarapu *

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GVPCEW Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Balantarapu, V. L.(2018). Design of Test Module For Embedded System Using PSOC.i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.15559

Abstract

Programmable System on Chip (PSoC) devices are becoming forerunning technologies in the field of embedded systems design. The innovation of PSoC device comes from the user configurability of analog and digital array blocks. The Programmable System-On Chip devices are integrated with processors, memory and peripherals to facilitate easy and modular design in building embedded applications. This paper describes in general about the PSoC device architectures and design of a test module using the PSoC device (CY8C26443) for testing the resources like Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog Converters (ADCs and DACs) of a microprocessor based embedded system.

Design of Multiband E-Shaped Patch Antenna with Hexagonal Slot for WLAN Applications

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

Design of Multiband E-Shaped Patch Antenna with Hexagonal Slot for WLAN Applications

A. Pramod Kumar*

Holy Mary Institute of Technology & Science, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Kumar., A. P.(2018). Design of Multiband E-Shaped Patch Antenna with Hexagonal Slot for WLAN Applications. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.16228

Abstract

The objective of E-shaped patch antenna with hexagonal slot is to operate in the ISM band for different kind of applications such as WLAN, GPS and various modern wireless systems. The posit antenna is designed using FR4 substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.4 with a thickness of 1.6mm. Probe feed technique is used for this antenna design. A parametric study was included to determine the effect of design approaches and the antenna performance. The realization of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of boost (gain), return loss and radiation pattern. The design was upsurge to confirm the best achievable result. This antenna resonates at three different frequencies at 1.6 GHz, 3.24GHz and 5.6 GHz with a reflection coefficient less than -10dB and VSWR<2.

Multi-Objective Optimization Based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Harmony Search Algorithm

Volume 7 Issue 4 August - October 2018

Research Paper

Multi-Objective Optimization Based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Harmony Search Algorithm

Gaurang Raval*, Riddhi Parsania**, Sharada Valiveti***

*_***Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India.

Raval , G., Parsania, R., & Valiveti, S. (2018). Multi-Objective Optimization Based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Harmony Search Algorithm. i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.4.15805

Abstract

While planning and designing the operation of the wireless sensor network, major focus is always on balancing the energy consumption, lifetime of the node and data aggregation. This may be achieved through suitable clustering technique which helps in minimizing the distance between cluster head nodes and associated cluster members. Some of the algorithms like, LEACH, GCA (Genetic Clustering Algorithm), ERP (Evolutionary Routing Protocol), EAERP (Energy Aware Evolutionary Routing Protocol), HSA (Harmony Search Algorithm) work on similar lines. Due to variety of constraints inherently present in WSN, the objective function of clustering technique is of multi-objective nature. One of the objectives may be of minimization type whereas other may be of maximization type. Due to conflicting goals of objective functions it might be difficult to find a unique and optimal solution. This paper examines multiple solutions and compares performance of these candidate solutions for their applicability in the clustering process of WSN. Pareto optimality concept has been incorporated in the proposed work for multi-objective problem of clustering in WSN. Multiple objectives based approach with customized stopping criteria in the proposed work results in to near optimal solutions with reduced simulation time requirements and improved network performance in terms of energy usage, data delivery from the sensor nodes to the base station.

Dynamic Digital Parking System

Volume 7 Issue 3 May - July 2018

Research Paper

Dynamic Digital Parking System

Neha Kapadia*, Siddhesh Rao**, Nikita Sharan***, Yash Shah****

* Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Thakur College of Engineering & Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

**-**** Student, Department of Information Technology, Thakur College of Engineering & Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Kapadia. N., Rao. S., Sharan. N., and Shah.Y. (2018). Dynamic Digital Parking System. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(3), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.3.14307

Abstract

Today there is a lot of confusion involved in allotment of parking in Government as well as Private parking spaces. However, there is no assurance of parking in some cases when there is too much traffic and crowd. Moreover, there is a high requirement of staff in making the current infrastructure work, which in turn is a load on the management. The current system is also least dependent on technology and does not use any efficient procedure to manage and maintain the parking lots. This in turn has led to increased human intervention which also makes the management of staff difficult. Due to lack of technical expertise, the system also falls back on security. The proposed system will feature high-end technical implementations such as Detection of available spaces in a single parking loT. This is achieved using high definition cameras, powerful cloud infrastructure, and various Application Programming Interface . Also, the proposed system will use a combination of physical sensors along with a digital system architecture which will make the installation, management of the parking lot, and budget management comparatively easier than the current manual system. The proposed system uses physical sensors capable of detecting vehicular movement as well as any unusual activity without the need of heavy processing on the cloud. The authors have used cloud infrastructure only to store details of various parking spaces and to ease the current payment system and provide variety of digital payment processing options.

Cloud-Based Agricultural Related Notifications Through SMS

Volume 7 Issue 3 May - July 2018

Research Paper

Cloud-Based Agricultural Related Notifications Through SMS

Rakesh S. Shirsath*, Mandar S. Shinde**, Mayank A. Mehta***, Yogesh S. Kolhe****

* Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Center, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

**-**** Student, Department of Computer Engineering, Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Center, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

Shirsath.R.S., Shinde. M.S., Mehta. M.A., and Kolhe. Y.S. (2018). Cloud-Based Agricultural Related Notifications Through SMS. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(3), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.3.14720

Abstract

India is an agricultural based developing nation. India's economical benefaction of agriculture to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is reducing the overall economic growth. Some real-time challenges are faced by the farmers due to much less knowledge about Weather Forecast, Efficient Crop-Production, Sales and regular Market Scenario, etc. Cloud Computing is a prime factor in agriculture and the most increasing way through which data, applications, and resources for computing are provided as a kind of service to the farmer. A Cloud-based framework is developed to provide the agricultural updates through SMS (in regional language), which is more useful to farmers to get the required information. By considering Data as a Service (DaaS), expert advice for Crop, Fertilizers, Market Scenario, etc., is provided to farmers against the database queries. This system will provide an easy-to-use interface for both farmers and concerned agency, and updates with any information on the market status of various products regularly.

Design, Simulation and Testing of Digital Beacon Receiver using Ads Software

Volume 7 Issue 3 May - July 2018

Research Paper

Design, Simulation and Testing of Digital Beacon Receiver using Ads Software

Revathi*, Parvathi. P**, Hemachandra. G***, V. M. S. N Pavan Kumar Ch****

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Scientist/Engineer-SE, National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

***-**** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Revathi.V., Parvathi. P., Hemachandra. G., and Kumar Ch.V.M.S.N.P. (2018). Design, Simulation and Testing of Digital Beacon Receiver using Ads Software. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(3), 16-27.https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.3.14310

Abstract

Design and simulation of Digital Beacon Receiver has to locate the beacon signals and measure its power levels. It was designed by using Agilent Technologies, Advanced Design System (ADS) software. Some natural sources, such as full of atmosphere gases, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, haze, downpour, dust, mist and some other helium and nitrogen gases exists in different layers of the atmosphere, including troposphere, ionosphere can cause some obliteration on the accessibility and quality of downlink examine periods. This climate incident cause errors and difficulties, such as attenuation changes in polarization, fading delay, and dispersion. Mostly at higher band of frequencies such as Ku and Ka bands, the effects of that transmission phenomenon will not be nelegectable and they should be measured. It is a consistent and protected satellite communication. Mathematical calculations for both theoretical and experimental transmission is studied and by different frequencies. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has setup two different beacon signals at 20.2 GHz and 30.5 GHz on board GSAT-14 for this explanation. There is a different method to study, accurate rain attenuation distribution and satellite wave transmission, such as radar, radiometer, signal beacon method, and satellite beacon receiver. Satellite beacon receiver is one of most important responsible and reasonably priced methods in comparison with the other methods. Digital receiver estimates the signal strength of the beacon signals at 20.2 GHz and 30.5 GHz, for both polarizations (co-polar and cross-polar amplitude measurements). This paper gives the design simulation of the receiver setup using Harmonic Balance (HB), S-Parameter, AC simulation, power budget analysis, Bandpass filter design, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) design simulations. The simulation results match with 98% of tested results.

Reduced End-To-End Delay for Manets using SHSP-EA3ACK Algorithm

Volume 7 Issue 3 May - July 2018

Research Paper

Reduced End-To-End Delay for Manets using SHSP-EA3ACK Algorithm

K. Thamizhmaran*, M. Anitha**, Alamelu Nachiappan***

* Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India.

** Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India.

*** Professor and Head, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, India.

Thamizhmaran.K., Anitha. M., and Nachiappan.A. (2018). Reduced End-To-End Delay for Manets using SHSP-EA3ACK Algorithm. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(3), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.3.14309

Abstract

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are the significant technologies among various wireless communication technologies, where all the nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically using wireless link in a random manner. The aim of in this suggested work is to avoid the attacker from forging acknowledgment packets using Enhanced Adaptive 3 Acknowledgment (EA3ACK). So, the authors have introduced a new technique of Intrusion Detection System (IDS) named EA3ACK using EAACK with Secure Hybrid Shortest Path Routing (SHSP), which is designed only for MANETs for reducing delay. Acknowledge method is implemented to rectify any type of attacks on the network with SHSP routing algorithm besides rectifying weekness results of previous work through the Network Simulator-2. Finally in this proposed scheme, a secure communication is provided with reducing overhead, delay, and packet loss using EA3ACK with SHSP algorithm increasing the efficiency of network topology.

A Novel Design of Circular Patch Antenna Loaded with Elliptical Slots for Wireless Communications

Volume 7 Issue 3 May - July 2018

Research Paper

A Novel Design of Circular Patch Antenna Loaded with Elliptical Slots for Wireless Communications

Sumeet Singh Bhatia*, Monika Sharma**, Shashi B. Rana***

* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yadavindra College of Engineering, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

** PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional Campus, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India.

*** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional Campus, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India.

Bhatia S.S., Sharma. M., and Rana. S.B. (2018). A Novel Design of Circular Patch Antenna Loaded with Elliptical Slots for Wireless Communications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(3), 1-8.https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.3.14172

Abstract

In this paper, elliptical slots loaded circular patch antenna for wireless communications has been investigated. The proposed antenna is modified by varying the length of ground plane to increase the impedance bandwidth over the frequency range of 1 - 10 GHz. Simulated results of proposed antenna exhibits the bandwidth of 3.34 GHz (1.46 - 4.80 GHz) and 3.01 GHz (5.05 - 8.06 GHz). The proposed antenna can be used in various wireless applications, covering the Global System for Mobile (GSM) standards (DCS 1.71 - 1.88 GHz and PCS 1.85 - 1.99 GHz), UMTS (1.92 - 2.17 GHz), Bluetooth (2.41 - 2.49 GHz) of ISM band, 2.45 GHz WLAN of IEEE 802.11 b/g/n, 5.15 GHz WLAN of IEEE 802.11 a/n, WiMAX (2.5 - 2.69 GHz, 3.4 - 3.69 GHz, and 5.25 - 5.85 GHz), X-band for satellite communication (7.25 - 8.39 GHz) and point to point high speed wireless application (5.925 - 8.5 GHz) bands. Antenna is designed and fabricated on FR4 glass epoxy substrate to validate the simulated results with the measured results. Comparisons of both the results are found to be in agreement with each other. It also shows the good omnidirectional radiation pattern, appreciable gain, and acceptable radiation efficiency over the entire frequency range of 1 - 10 GHz.

Analysis and Comparison of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas with Omni-Directional Slotted Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Analysis and Comparison of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas with Omni-Directional Slotted Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

Narinder Sharma*, Snehdeep Singh**, Dr. Vipul Sharma***

* Professor and Head, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amritsar College of Engineering and Technology, Amritsar, India.

** PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amritsar College of Engineering and Technology, Amritsar, India.

*** Associate Professor, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India.

Sharma, N., Sandhu, S., and Sharma, V. (2018). Analysis And Comparison Of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas With Omni-Directional Slotted Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14105

Abstract

This paper presents a comparison of rectangular microstrip patch antennas with omnidirectional antenna. It has been observed that different types of designing techniques are employed in existing antennas to achieve desired frequency band of operation. In this proposed work slotted patch with partial ground plane is designed to achieve wideband characteristics. Proposed antenna exhibits the bandwidth of 942MHz and 1194MHz at a frequency of 2.45GHz and 7.52GHz with a gain of 3.87dB and 4.67dB respectively. The higher value of bandwidth and gain makes the proposed antenna a good candidate among the existing antennas presented in this paper. Antennas are analyzed and observed using HFSS V13 software and designed on FR4 glass epoxy substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6mm.

Performance Evaluation of DSR, AODV, OLSR, and ZRP Protocols in Zigbee

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Performance Evaluation of DSR, AODV, OLSR, and ZRP Protocols in Zigbee

Gurpreet Singh*, Mandeep Kaur**, Kuldeep Kaur***

*-*** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional Campus, Sultanpur Lodhi, Kapurthala, India.

Singh, G., Kaur, M., and Kaur, K. (2018). Performance Evaluation of DSR, AODV, OLSR AND ZRP Protocols in ZIGBEE. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14443

Abstract

ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level protocols applied to create personal area networks with little, low-power radios, for instance for house automation, medical product knowledge variety and different low-power, low-bandwidth wants for little range jobs which require instant connection.The main focus of this paper is on measuring the performance of ZigBee network. For this purpose, various protocols such as DSR, AODV, OLSR and ZRP have been used along with Netsim Simulator. Theperformanceis analyzed by taking various parameters such as Throughput (Mbps), Delay (Microseconds), Packet Transmitted with the help of routing protocols have been proposed like DSR, OLSR, AODV, ZRP toimprove the routing protocol performance and reliability.

Analysing work tour motifs from GPS Trajectory Data

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Analysing work tour motifs from GPS Trajectory Data

Jenniffer Joy J*, Dr. Vijaya Samundeeswari**

* Student, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Women's Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Women's Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Joy, J. J., and Samundeeswari, V. (2018). Analysing Work Tour Motifs from GPS Trajectory Data. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14442

Abstract

With the objective of gettinga deep insight about the trajectory path and various utilization of GPS trajectory data, a literature review is done on the motifs that can be possibly obtained from the trajectory path. This paper defines one of such ways to model a work tour motif based on the mobility pattern of user’s daily trip from the GPS trajectory path. The segmented trajectory helps in modelling the motif by considering the stay points as motif nodes. By forming such motifs and considering it as a real-world object, various other applications of these data can be coined, which brings out the data from its confinement into a highly influential real-world object. This data analytics can be used to make tracking much easier in traffic synchronizations, forensic case investigations and in various other fields, with the objective of bringing ease of life in each person’s travel routines and reduce the rate of crimes scene happening at thickly populated area.

Achievable uplink capacity with linear detectors and Trade-off Between Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency for Massive MIMO system

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Achievable uplink capacity with linear detectors and Trade-off Between Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency for Massive MIMO system

Maharshi K. Bhatt*, Bhavin S. Sedani**, K. R. Parmar***

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, LD College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, India

**-*** Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, LD College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, India.

Bhatt, M. K., Sedani, B. S., and Parmar, K. R. (2018). Achievable Uplink Capacity with Linear Detectors and Trade Off Between Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency for Massive Mimo System. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14440

Abstract

This paper performs analysis of massive MIMO system having large number of base station antennas N and user terminals K with uplink and downlink of Time Divison Duplexing system. In this system model pathloss, pilot contamination and antenna correlation for each link is considered. In this work, estimation of achievable rates with several linear detectors like MF (Matched filter) and MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) are done. We simulated achievable rate versus number of base station antenna N for MF and MMSE. We observed that performance of MMSE detector is superior in terms of achievable rate compared to MF detector in massive MIMO system. Second, we analyze spectral efficiency and energy efficiency of massive MIMO system with imperfect CSI (Channel State Information measured from uplink pilots). In this analysis we have used MRC (Maximum Ratio Combining) detector and derived spectral efficiency and energy efficiency for different values of transmitted power. From simulation we can observe that as we increase transmitted power, spectral efficiency increased but at the cost of energy efficiency. So there is always trade off between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. We also observed from simulation that as we increase number of base station antenna trade off curve shifts upwards.

Various Schemes of set up for Microwave Photonic Filter and its Application

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Various Schemes of set up for Microwave Photonic Filter and its Application

Chotaliya Ankitaben G*, Usha Neelkantan**

* Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, LD College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, India.

** Head, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, LD College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, India.

Ankitaben G, C., and Neelkantan, U. (2018). Various Schemes of Set Up For Microwave Photonic Filter and Its Application. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.1443

Abstract

Now a days, the interface between microwave engineering and photonic technology is used in the field of communication and these new interdisciplinary is known as Microwave Photonics (MWP).Microwave photonic filters are photonic subsystems designed with the aim of carrying equivalent tasks to those of an ordinary microwave filter within a radio frequency (RF) system or link.It is well known that in order to satisfy the accelerating demands in communication systems, the integration of optical network and wireless radio is a promising solution. The exceptional qualities of optical fiber as a transmission medium for the success of optical communications is one of the prime motivation for the study and analysis of  microwave photonic filter.This paper describes various set up for Microwve Photonic Filter (MPF) and its application. We investigate all possible set up for MPF and its frequency response and also analyse spectrum of the laser source used.

An Octagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna with Quadruple Band Notched Characteristics for UWB Applications

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

An Octagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna with Quadruple Band Notched Characteristics for UWB Applications

KM Jyoti Singh*, Rajan Mishra**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India.

Singh, J., and Mishra, R. (2018). An Octagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna With Quadruple Band Notched Characteristics for UWB Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 15-19.https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14439

Abstract

In this proposed paper, an octagonal shaped microstrip patch antenna with frequency band stop performance is designed for UWB applications. The scheduled antenna consists of one L slot and one I slot onto the radiation patch and ground plane is modified by cutting two rectangular slots into it. By etching the slots from the radiation patch and from ground plane, quadruple band notched properties in the WLAN band (5.2-5.8 GHz), WiMAX band (3.5-5.5 GHz), National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) (5.15 to 5.825 GHz) and C band (4 GHz) are obtained. The scheduled antenna has a suitable size of 19*16.5 mm2 and operates from 2.83 to 10.72 GHz with considerable applications X band (8-12 GHz), upper S band (2-4 GHz), RFID (6.6-7.1GHz) and ITU uplink satellite communication band (8.1-8.4 GHz). We get better return loss, antenna efficiency, VSWR and radiation patterns by doing the simulation.

Design of An Improved Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Defected Ground Structure

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Design of An Improved Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Defected Ground Structure

Dubey Suhmita Umeshkumar*, Manish Kumar**

*M.Tech Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Umeshkumar, D., and Kumar, M. (2018). Design of an Improved Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter Using Defected Ground Structure. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.2.14438

Abstract

The paper depicts the filter design for millimeter wave range using defected ground structure (DGS) technique. DGS is mainly used for reduction in size of filter design resulting in compactness of model with enhanced efficiency to cope with the latest technological demands. Designs with DGS provides improvements in the optical and millimeter devices. The simulations are carried using HFSS V13. The design is carried out on RT/ Duroid 6002 with loss tangent (tan δ) 0.0012 with outcomes as return loss of more than 27dB and insertion loss near to 1dB. It also provides better selectivity to avoid spurious signals and higher fractional bandwidth. The proposed design is used for the application of automobiles, sensors, communication etc.

Cognitive Radio Simulator for Mobile Networks: Design and Implementation

Volume 7 Issue 2 February - April 2018

Research Paper

Cognitive Radio Simulator for Mobile Networks: Design and Implementation

Pablo Palacios*, Alberto Castro **

*-** Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Palacios, P., and Castro, A. (2018). Cognitive Radio Simulator for Mobile Networks: Design and Implementation. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/JCS.7.2.14441

Abstract

In this work methods and mathematical algorithms applied to the Cognitive Radio (CR) technology are tested through the  development  of a  CR  simulator applied  to WiFi  and  Long Term  Evolution  (LTE) mobile wireless networks,  structured with each of the four stages of a system CR, using mathematical tools evaluated  in  previous  works  individually.   The implementation of the CR simulator jointly adapts to different algorithms, which are: Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Coalition Game Theory and Handoff of technologies by Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The Network Simulator 3 software (NS-3) is used as an environment for the development and execution of a heterogeneous cognitive network based on the created simulator. Results  are obtained,  numerical  data  shown  in  files  for  the SVD methods,  coalition  game and RSSI, these allow to evaluate their  performance comparing them with other theoretical CR algorithms. Validations and comparisons of the detection stage are shown for functional verification of the simulator.

A Survey on Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Volume 7 Issue 1 November - January 2018

Survey Paper

A Survey on Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Swagatika Pradhan*, Pawan Patnaik**, S.D. Mishra***

* PG Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg (CG), India.

** Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg (CG), India.

*** Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg (CG), India.

Pradhan, S., Patnaik, P., and Mishra, S. D. (2018). A Survey on Energy Efficient Distributed Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems, 7(1), 35-44.https://doi.org/10.26634/jcs.7.1.13963

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a large vary of applications as a result of they will be custom-made for a varied environment. WSNs consist of collection of sensor nodes which has limited processing power and restricted memory unit. Main task of this network is the reliable routing of packets from sensors to the base station (BS). WSNs operate severally in harsh places wherever a person’s presence is risky or perhaps not possible. Since their life time relies on their batteries and replacement and recharging these batteries is not possible in rough places, thus minimizing energy dissipation and increasing the network life period is the primary concern for the sensor networks. Nodes are basically stored in non-overlapping cluster to support scalability, energy efficiency and efficient routing. During this paper, we examine presently proposed clustering algorithms for WSNs. We are going to shortly discuss the operation of that algorithm, and also draw comparison on the performance between the various schemes. Specifically, we are going to examine the performance in term of power and quality aspect of those schemes. This paper ought to give the reader with a basis for analysis in clustering schemes for WSNs.